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J Appl Physiol 99: 1576-1581, 2005. First published June 16, 2005; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00830.2004
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TRANSLATIONAL PHYSIOLOGY

Early time course of myocardial electrical impedance during acute coronary artery occlusion in pigs, dogs, and humans

Carlos L. del Rio,1,2 Patrick I. McConnell,3 Bradley D. Clymer,2 Roger Dzwonczyk,1 Robert E. Michler,3 George E. Billman,4 and Michael B. Howie1

Departments of 1Anesthesiology, 2Electrical and Computer Engineering, 3Surgery, and 4Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio

Submitted 3 August 2004 ; accepted in final form 10 June 2005

ABSTRACT

Changes in myocardial electrical impedance (MEI) and physiological end points have been correlated during acute ischemia. However, the importance of MEI's early time course is not clear. This study evaluates such significance, by comparing the temporal behavior of MEI during acute total occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery in anesthetized humans, dogs, and pigs. Here, interspecies differences in three MEI parameters (baseline, time to plateau onset, and plateau value normalized by baseline) were evaluated using Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA and post hoc tests (P < 0.05). Noteworthy differences in the MEI time to plateau onset were observed: In dogs, MEI ischemic plateau was reached after 46.3 min (SD 12.9) min of occlusion, a significantly longer period compared with that of pigs and humans [4.7 (SD 1.2) and 4.1 min (SD 1.9), respectively]. However, no differences could be observed between both animal species regarding the normalized MEI ischemic plateau value (15.3% (SD 4.7) in pigs, vs. 19.6% (SD 2.6) in dogs). For all studied MEI parameters, only swine values resembled those of humans. The severity of myocardial supply ischemia, resulting from coronary artery occlusion, is known to be dependent on collateral flow. Thus, because dogs possess a well-developed collateral system (unlike humans or pigs), they have shown superior resistance to occlusion of a coronary artery. Here, the early MEI time course after left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion, represented by the time required to reach ischemic plateau, was proven to reflect such interspecies differences.

ischemia; myocardium; diagnosis


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: C. L. del Rio, Dept. of Anesthesiology, The Ohio State Univ., 410 West 10th Ave., Doan Hall N416, Columbus, OH 43210 (e-mail: del-rio.4{at}osu.edu)




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