Journal of Applied Physiology
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J Appl Physiol 96: 1633-1642, 2004. First published December 19, 2003; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01158.2003
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Distribution dynamics of perfluorocarbon delivery to the lungs: an intact rabbit model

J. L. Bull,1 S. Tredici,2 E. Komori,2 D. O. Brant,2 J. B. Grotberg,1 and R. B. Hirschl2

1Biomedical Engineering Department and 2Department of Surgery, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109

Submitted 28 October 2003 ; accepted in final form 14 December 2003

Motivated by the goal of understanding how to most homogeneously fill the lungs with perfluorocarbon for liquid ventilation, we investigate the transport of liquid instilled into the lungs using an intact rabbit model. Perfluorocarbon is instilled into the trachea of the ventilated animal. Radiographic images of the perfluorocarbon distribution are obtained at a rate of 30 frames/s during the filling process. Image analysis is used to quantify the liquid distribution (center of mass, spatial standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis, and indicators of homogeneity) as time progresses. We compare the distribution dynamics in supine animals to those in upright animals for three constant infusion rates of perfluorocarbon: 15, 40, and 60 ml/min. It is found that formation of liquid plugs in large airways, which is affected by posture and infusion rate, can result in a more homogeneous liquid distribution than gravity drainage alone. The supine posture resulted in more homogeneous filling of the lungs than did upright posture, in which the lungs tend to fill in the inferior regions first. Faster instillation of perfluorocarbon results in liquid plugs forming in large airways and, consequently, more uniform distribution of perfluorocarbon than slower instillation rates in the upright animals.

liquid ventilation; surfactant replacement therapy; liquid bolus


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: J. L. Bull, Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, The Univ. of Michigan, 1107 Gerstacker Bldg., 2200 Bonisteel Blvd., Ann Arbor, MI 48109 (E-mail: joebull{at}umich.edu).




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Bubble splitting in bifurcating tubes: a model study of cardiovascular gas emboli transport
J Appl Physiol, August 1, 2005; 99(2): 479 - 487.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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