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1 Respiratory Support Service, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead 2145, New South Wales; and Departments of 2 Medicine and 3 Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
Apnea and arousal are modulated
with sleep stage, and swallowing may interfere with respiratory rhythm
in infants. We hypothesized that swallowing itself would display
interaction with sleep state. Concurrent polysomnography and
measurement of swallowing allowed time-matched analysis of 3,092 swallows, 482 apneas, and 771 arousals in 17 infants aged 1-34 wk.
The mean rates of swallowing, apnea, and arousal were significantly
different, being 23.3 ± 8.5, 9.4 ± 8.8, and 15.5 ± 10.6 h
1, respectively (P < 0.001 ANOVA).
Swallows occurred before 25.2 ± 7.9% and during 74.8 ± 6.3% of apneas and before 39.8 ± 6.0% and during 60.2 ± 6.0% of arousals. The frequencies of apneas and arousals were both
strongly influenced by sleep state (active sleep > indeterminate > quiet sleep, P < 0.001), whether
or not the events coincided with swallowing, but swallowing rate showed minimal independent interaction with sleep state. Interactions between
swallowing and sleep state were predominantly influenced by the
coincidence of swallowing with apnea or arousal.
respiration; polysomnography; airway manometry
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