Journal of Applied Physiology  AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
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J Appl Physiol 94: 1045-1053, 2003. First published October 25, 2002; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00274.2002
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Vol. 94, Issue 3, 1045-1053, March 2003

Delayed distribution of active vasodilation and altered vascular conductance in aged skin

Jane M. Pierzga, Adam Frymoyer, and W. Larry Kenney

Noll Physiological Research Center, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802-6900

Reflex vasodilation is attenuated in aged skin during hyperthermia. We used laser-Doppler imaging (LDI) to test the hypothesis that the magnitude of conductance and the spatial distribution of vasodilation are altered with aging. LDI of forearm skin was compared in 12 young (19- to 29-yr-old) and 12 older (64- to 75-yr-old) men during supine passive heating. Additionally, iontophoresis of bretylium tosylate was performed in a subset of subjects to explore the involvement of sympathetic vasoconstriction in limiting skin blood flow. Passive heating with water-perfused suits clamped mean skin temperature at 41.0 ± 0.5°C, causing a ramp increase in esophageal temperature (Tes) to <= 38.5°C. LDI scans were performed at baseline and at every 0.2°C increase in Tes. LDI at bretylium and control sites was identical, suggesting no influence of noradrenergic vasoconstriction. Forearm vascular conductance (venous occlusion plethysmography) was reduced in the older men (P <=  0.001) at every elevated Tes. Mean cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) of the scanned area was reduced in the older men at 0.2°C <=  Delta Tes <=  0.8°C. Early in heating (0.2°C <=  Delta Tes <=  0.6°C), older men also responded with a reduced vasodilated area (P <=  0.05), implying a slower recruitment or filling of skin microvessels. The results indicate that the area of vasodilation and CVC within the vasodilated area are reduced in aged skin during early passive heating, but only CVC is reduced at Delta Tes = 0.8°C.

aging; skin blood flow; heat stress; laser Doppler; temperature regulation; vascular conductance


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