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Department of Critical Care and Pulmonary Services, University of Athens Medical School, Evangelismos Hospital, GR-10675 Athens, Greece
Exercise increases plasma TNF-
,
IL-1
, and IL-6, yet the stimuli and sources of TNF- and IL-1
remain largely unknown. We tested the role of oxidative stress and the
potential contribution of monocytes in this cytokine (especially
IL-1) response in previously untrained individuals. Six healthy
nonathletes performed two 45-min bicycle exercise sessions at 70% of
O2 max before and after a combination
of antioxidants (vitamins E, A, and C for 60 days; allopurinol for 15 days; and N-acetylcysteine for 3 days). Blood was drawn at
baseline, end-exercise, and 30 and 120 min postexercise. Plasma
cytokines were determined by ELISA and monocyte intracellular cytokine
level by flow cytometry. Before antioxidants, TNF- increased by
60%, IL-1 by threefold, and IL-6 by sixfold secondary to exercise
(P < 0.05). After antioxidants, plasma IL-1 became
undetectable, the TNF- response to exercise was abolished, and the
IL-6 response was significantly blunted (P < 0.05).
Exercise did not increase the percentage of monocytes producing the
cytokines or their mean fluorescence intensity. We conclude that in
untrained humans oxidative stress is a major stimulus for
exercise-induced cytokine production and that monocytes play no role in
this process.
interleukins; flow cytometry; oxidative stress; ergometry; vitamins
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