Journal of Applied Physiology
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J Appl Physiol 93: 1265-1274, 2002. First published June 14, 2002; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00809.2001
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Vol. 93, Issue 4, 1265-1274, October 2002

Determinants of maximal O2 uptake in rats selectively bred for endurance running capacity

Kyle K. Henderson1, Harrieth Wagner2, Fabrice Favret1, Steven L. Britton3, Lauren G. Koch3, Peter D. Wagner2, and Norberto C. Gonzalez1

1 Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160-7401; 2 Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0623; and 3 Functional Genomics Laboratory, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo, Ohio 43614-5804

O2 transport during maximal exercise was studied in rats bred for extremes of exercise endurance, to determine whether maximal O2 uptake (VO2 max) was different in high- (HCR) and low-capacity runners (LCR) and, if so, which were the phenotypes responsible for the difference. VO2 max was determined in five HCR and six LCR female rats by use of a progressive treadmill exercise protocol at inspired PO2 of ~145 (normoxia) and ~70 Torr (hypoxia). Normoxic VO2 max (in ml · min-1 · kg-1) was 64.4 ± 0.4 and 57.6 ± 1.5 (P < 0.05), whereas VO2 max in hypoxia was 42.7 ± 0.8 and 35.3 ± 1.5 (P < 0.05) in HCR and LCR, respectively. Lack of significant differences between HCR and LCR in alveolar ventilation, alveolar-to-arterial PO2 difference, or lung O2 diffusing capacity indicated that neither ventilation nor efficacy of gas exchange contributed to the difference in VO2 max between groups. Maximal rate of blood O2 convection (cardiac output times arterial blood O2 content) was also similar in both groups. The major difference observed was in capillary-to-tissue O2 transfer: both the O2 extraction ratio (0.81 ± 0.002 in HCR, 0.74 ± 0.009 in LCR, P < 0.001) and the tissue diffusion capacity (1.18 ± 0.09 in HCR and 0.92 ± 0.05 ml · min-1 · kg-1 · Torr-1 in LCR, P < 0.01) were significantly higher in HCR. The data indicate that selective breeding for exercise endurance resulted in higher VO2 max mostly associated with a higher transfer of O2 at the tissue level.

O2 transport; lung diffusion capacity; muscle diffusion capacity; genetic models


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