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J Appl Physiol 105: 1754-1760, 2008. First published October 2, 2008; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.91235.2008
8750-7587/08 $8.00
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Effect of resistance exercise on muscle steroidogenesis

Jakob L. Vingren,1 William J. Kraemer,1,2 Disa L. Hatfield,1 Jeffrey M. Anderson,1 Jeff S. Volek,1 Nicholas A. Ratamess,3 Gwendolyn A. Thomas,1 Jen-Yu Ho,1 Maren S. Fragala,1 and Carl M. Maresh1,2

1Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, and 2Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut; and 3Department of Health and Exercise Science, The College of New Jersey, Ewing, New Jersey

Submitted 15 September 2008 ; accepted in final form 1 October 2008

Circulating testosterone is elevated acutely following resistance exercise (RE) and is an important anabolic hormone for muscle adaptations to resistance training. The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effect of heavy RE on intracrine muscle testosterone production in young resistance-trained men and women. Fifteen young, highly resistance-trained men (n = 8; 21 ± 1 yr, 175.3 ± 6.7 cm, 90.8 ± 11.6 kg) and women (n = 7; 24 ± 5 yr, 164.6 ± 6.7 cm, 76.4 ± 15.6 kg) completed 6 sets of 10 repetitions of Smith machine squats with 80% of their 1-repetition maximum. Before RE and 10 and 70 min after RE, muscle biopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis. Before RE, after 3 and 6 sets of squats, and 5, 15, 30, and 70 min into recovery from RE, blood samples were obtained using venipuncture from an antecubital vein. Muscle samples were analyzed for testosterone, 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) type 3, and 3β-HSD type 1 and 2 content. Blood samples were analyzed for glucose and lactate concentrations. No changes were found for muscle testosterone, 3β-HSD type 1 and 2, and 17β-HSD type 3 concentrations. However, a change in protein migration in the Bis-Tris gel was observed for 17β-HSD type 3 postexercise; this change in migration indicated an ~2.8 kDa increase in molecular mass. These findings indicate that species differences in muscle testosterone production may exist between rats and humans. In humans, muscle testosterone concentrations do not appear to be affected by RE. This study expands on the current knowledge obtained from animal studies by examining resting and postexercise concentrations of muscle testosterone and steroidogenic enzymes in humans.

intracrine; testosterone; hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: W. J. Kraemer, Human Performance Laboratory,Dept. of Kinesiology, 2095 Hillside Road, Unit-1110, Univ. of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-1110 (e-mail: william.kraemer{at}uconn.edu)






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