HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 104/4/944    most recent 00752.2007v1 Submit a response Alert me when this article is cited Alert me when eLetters are posted Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in ISI Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Chacko, S. K. Articles by Haymond, M. W. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Chacko, S. K. Articles by Haymond, M. W.

Measurement of gluconeogenesis using glucose fragments and mass spectrometry after ingestion of deuterium oxide

¹Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Children's Nutrition Research Center, US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Center, Houston, Texas; and ²Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

Submitted 12 July 2007 ; accepted in final form 4 January 2008

We report a new method to measure the fraction of glucose derived from gluconeogenesis using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and positive chemical ionization. After ingestion of deuterium oxide by subjects, glucose derived from gluconeogenesis is labeled with deuterium. Our calculations of gluconeogenesis are based on measurements of the average enrichment of deuterium on carbon 1, 3, 4, 5, and 6 of glucose and the deuterium enrichment in body water. In a sample from an adult volunteer after ingestion of deuterium oxide, fractional gluconeogenesis using the "average deuterium enrichment method" was 48.3 ± 0.5% (mean ± SD) and that with the C-5 hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) method by Landau et al. (Landau BR, Wahren J, Chandramouli V, Schumann WC, Ekberg K, Kalhan SC; J Clin Invest 98: 378–385, 1996) was 46.9 ± 5.4%. The coefficient of variation of 10 replicate analyses using the new method was 1.0% compared with 11.5% for the C-5 HMT method. In samples derived from an infant receiving total parenteral nutrition, fractional gluconeogenesis was 13.3 ± 0.3% using the new method and 13.7 ± 0.8% using the C-5 HMT method. Fractional gluconeogenesis measured in six adult volunteers after 66 h of continuous fasting was 83.7 ± 2.3% using the new method and 84.2 ± 5.0% using the C-5 HMT method. In conclusion, the average deuterium enrichment method is simple, highly reproducible, and cost effective. Furthermore, it requires only small blood sample volumes. With the use of an additional tracer, glucose rate of appearance can also be measured during the same analysis. Thus the new method makes measurements of gluconeogenesis available and affordable to large numbers of investigators under conditions of low and high fractional gluconeogenesis (10 to 90) in all subject populations.

glucose kinetics; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; isotope ratio mass spectrometry; hexamethylenetetramine; infants; fasting adults

This article has been cited by other articles:

				S. C. Burgess, V. Chandramouli, J. D. Browning, W. C. Schumann, and S. F. Previs Complicating factors in the application of the "average method" for determining the contribution of gluconeogenesis J Appl Physiol, June 1, 2008; 104(6): 1852 - 1853. [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. K. Chacko, A. L. Sunehag, S. Sharma, P. J. J. Sauer, and M. W. Haymond Reply to Burgess, Chandramouli, Browning, Schumann, and Previs J Appl Physiol, June 1, 2008; 104(6): 1854 - 1855. [Full Text] [PDF]