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Human lung density is not altered following normoxic and hypoxic moderate-intensity exercise: implications for transient edema

¹Allan McGavin Sports Medicine Centre, ²School of Human Kinetics, and ³Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Submitted 26 September 2006 ; accepted in final form 3 April 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exercise on extravascular lung water as it may relate to pulmonary gas exchange. Ten male humans underwent measures of maximal oxygen uptake (O_{2 max}) in two conditions: normoxia (N) and normobaric hypoxia of 15% O₂ (H). Lung density was measured by quantified MRI before and 48.0 ± 7.4 and 100.7 ± 15.1 min following 60 min of cycling exercise in N (intensity = 61.6 ± 9.5% O_{2 max}) and 55.5 ± 9.8 and 104.3 ± 9.1 min following 60 min cycling exercise in H (intensity = 65.4 ± 7.1% hypoxic O_{2 max}), where O_{2 max} = 65.0 ± 7.5 ml·kg^–1·min^–1 (N) and 54.1 ± 7.0 ml·kg^–1·min^–1 (H). Two subjects demonstrated mild exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia (EIAH) [minimum arterial oxygen saturation (Sa_{O2 min}) = 94.5% and 93.8%], and seven subjects demonstrated moderate EIAH (Sa_{O2 min} = 91.4 ± 1.1%) as measured noninvasively during the O_{2 max} test in N. Mean lung densities, measured once preexercise and twice postexercise, were 0.177 ± 0.019, 0.181 ± 0.019, and 0.173 ± 0.019 g/ml (N) and 0.178 ± 0.021, 0.174 ± 0.022, and 0.176 ± 0.019 g/ml (H), respectively. No significant differences (P > 0.05) were found in lung density following exercise in either condition or between conditions. Transient interstitial pulmonary edema did not occur following sustained steady-state cycling exercise in N or H, indicating that transient edema does not result from pulmonary capillary leakage during sustained submaximal exercise.

pulmonary edema; magnetic resonance imaging; respiration