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Effects of progressive and maximal exercise on plasma levels of adhesion molecules in athletes with sickle cell trait with or without -thalassemia

¹Equipe d’Accueil 647 Center of Research and Innovation on Sports, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France; ²Kosair Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky; ³National Institute of Youth and Sports, Yaounde, Yaounde, Cameroon; ⁴Unité Mixte de Recherche 5123 Cellular and Molecular Integrative Physiology, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France; ⁵Unit of Hemoglobin Molecular Pathology, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France; and ⁶Biochemicals Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon

Submitted 2 March 2006 ; accepted in final form 3 August 2006

The aim of the study was to examine the effects of exercise on soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) in sickle cell trait (SCT) athletes with or without -thalassemia. Six athletes with SCT, seven athletes with both SCT and -thalassemia (SCTAT), and seven control athletes (Cont) performed an incremental and maximal test on cycloergometer. Levels of sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 were assessed at rest, immediately after the end of exercise, and 1, 2, and 24 h after exercise. Although Cont and SCTAT groups exhibited similar basal plasma levels of inflammatory and adhesion molecules, the SCT group had higher sVCAM-1 basal concentrations. Incremental exercise resulted in a significant increase of sVCAM-1 in all subjects, which remained elevated only in the SCT group during the recovery period. In conclusion, as sVCAM-1 increased with exercise and during the recovery period, our findings support the concept that SCT athletes might be at risk for microcirculatory disturbances and adhesive phenomena developing at rest and several hours after exercise. -Thalassemia might be considered protective among exercising SCT subjects.

tumor necrosis factor-; vascular cell adhesion molecule-1; hemoglobinopathy; incremental exercise

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