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J Appl Physiol (April 6, 2006). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01600.2005
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Submitted on December 20, 2005
Accepted on March 14, 2006

Splenectomy impairs diffusive oxygen transport in the lung of dogs

D. Merrill Dane1, Connie C.W. Hsia1, Eugene Y. Wu1, Richard T. Hogg1, Deborah C. Hogg1, Aaron S. Estrera1, and Robert L. Johnson, Jr.1*

1 Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: robert.johnson{at}utsouthwestern.edu.

The spleen acts as an erythrocyte reservoir in highly aerobic species such as the dog and horse. Sympathetic-mediated splenic contraction during exercise reversibly enhances convective O2 transport by increasing hematocrit, blood volume and O2 carrying capacity. Based on theoretical interactions between erythrocytes and capillary membrane (Hsia et al. J. Appl. Physiol. 86:1460-7,1999) and experimental findings in horses of a post-splenectomy reduction in peripheral O2 diffusing capacity (Wagner et al. Equine Vet. J. 18 suppl: 82-89,1995), we hypothesized that splenic contraction also augments diffusive O2 transport in the lung. Therefore, we have measured lung diffusing capacity (DLCOand its components during exercise by a rebreathing technique in 6 adult foxhounds before and after splenectomy. Splenectomy eliminated exercise-induced polycythemia, associated with a 30% reduction in maximal O2 uptake. At any given pulmonary blood flow, DLCO was significantly lower after splenectomy due to a lower membrane diffusing capacity while pulmonary capillary blood volume changed variably; microvascular recruitment, indicated by the slope of the increase in DLCO with respect to pulmonary blood flow, was also reduced. We conclude that splenic contraction enhances both convective and diffusive O2 transport and provides another compensatory mechanism for maintaining alveolar O2 transport in the presence of restrictive lung disease or ambient hypoxia.




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