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J Appl Physiol (February 23, 2006). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01485.2005
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Submitted on November 23, 2005
Accepted on February 21, 2006

Does fitness level modulate the cardiovascular hemodynamic response to exercise?

Michael K. Stickland1*, Robert C. Welsh2, Stewart R. Petersen1, John V. Tyberg3, William D. Anderson4, Richard L. Jones2, Dylan A. Taylor2, Marcel Bouffard1, and Mark J. Haykowsky5

1 Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
2 Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
3 Department of Cardiac Sciences and Physiology/Biophysics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
4 Department of Critical Care Medicine, Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre, University of Alberta, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
5 Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: stickland{at}wisc.edu.

Subjects with greater aerobic fitness demonstrate better diastolic compliance at rest, but whether fitness modulates exercise cardiac compliance and cardiac filling pressures remains to be determined. Based on VO2max, healthy males were categorized into either low (LO: VO2max = 43 ± 6 ml . kg-1 . min-1 ; n=3) or high (HI: VO2max = 60 ± 3 ml . kg-1 . min-1 ; n=5) aerobic power. Subjects performed incremental cycle exercise to 90% VO2max. Right atrial (RAP) and pulmonary artery wedge (PAWP) pressures were measured and left ventricular (LV) transmural filling pressure (TMFP= PAWP - RAP) was calculated. Cardiac output (CO) and stroke volume (SV) were determined by direct Fick, while LV end-diastolic (EDV) was estimated from echocardiographic fractional area change and Fick SV. There were no between-group differences observed for any measure at rest. At a submaximal workload of 150W, PAWP and TMFP were higher (p<0.05) in LO compared to HI (12 vs. 8 mmHg, and 9 vs. 4 mmHg, respectively). At peak exercise, CO, SV and EDV were lower in LO (p<0.05). RAP was not different at peak exercise but PAWP (23 vs. 15 mmHg) and TMFP (12 vs. 6 mmHg) were higher in LO (p<0.05). Compared with less fit subjects, subjects with greater aerobic fitness demonstrated lower LV filling pressures during exercise, while SV and EDV were either similar (submaximal exercise) or higher (peak exercise), suggesting superior diastolic function and compliance.




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