Journal of Applied Physiology
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J Appl Physiol (May 14, 2004). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01324.2003
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Submitted on December 10, 2003
Accepted on May 10, 2004

THE RELATIVE ROLES OF HEREDITY AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN ADOLESCENCE AND ADULTHOOD ON BLOOD PRESSURE

Miika Hernelahti1*, Esko Levalahti2, Riitta L Simonen2, Jaakko Kaprio3, Urho M Kujala1, Arja L T Uusitalo-Koskinen4, Michele C Battie5, and Tapio Videman6

1 Unit for Sports and Exercise Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
2 Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
3 Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
4 Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
5 Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
6 Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: miika.hernelahti{at}helsinki.fi.

Part of the association between physical activity and low blood pressure (BP) may be a consequence of genetic selection. We investigated the association of genetic factors and physical activity in adolescence and adulthood with BP. BP was measured with a Finapres device in 71 monozygotic and 104 dizygotic male twin pairs using no antihypertensive medication. Subjects' mean age was 50.4 years (range 40-72). The subjects were interviewed about their lifetime exercise and other health habits. Exercise was classified as aerobic, power, or other, and these were further divided into adolescence (12-20 years of age), the previous year, and lifetime. Genetic modelling was conducted to estimate genetic and environmental components of variance of systolic and diastolic BP. Aerobic exercise in adolescence and high intensity aerobic exercise throughout the lifetime were associated with low diastolic BP in adulthood. Of the variance in diastolic BP, genetic factors accounted for 35% and aerobic exercise in adolescence for 5%. For systolic BP, genetic factors accounted for 39% of the variance. In turn, genetic factors accounted for 44% of the variance in aerobic exercise in adolescence. The genetic factors in part accounting for the variance in diastolic BP and those in part accounting for variance in aerobic exercise in adolescence were correlated. The association between aerobic exercise in adolescence and low diastolic BP in adulthood is a new finding, as is the observation that the factors partly share the same genes.




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