Previous studies in healthy rats have demonstrated a deleterious bone impact of -agonist treatment. The purpose of this study was to examine the trabecular and cortical effects of 2 agonists at doping dose on treadmill exercising rats with estrogens deficiency. Adult female rats were ovariectomized (OVX, n=44) or sham-operated (n=12). Then OVX rats received a subcutaneous injection of Salbutamol (SAB) or vehicle with or without treadmill exercise for 10 weeks. Bone mineral density (BMD) was analyzed by densitometry. Microcomputed tomography and histomorphometric were performed to study trabecular bone structure and bone cell activities. After 10 weeks, SAB rats presented a much more marked decrease of BMD and trabecular parameters. Exercise did not change the high level of bone resorption in OVX EXE SAB compared to OVX SAB group (both on C-terminal collagen crosslinks and osteoclast number). These results confirm the deleterious effect of 2 agonists on bone quantity (Femoral BMD gain: OVX EXE, +6.8%, versus OVX EXE SAB, -1.8%, p<0.01) and quality (-8.0% of femoral trabecular thickness in OVX EXE SAB versus OVX EXE) indicating that SAB suppresses the effect of EXE in OVX rats. Furthermore we notice that the slight benefit effect of exercise was mainly localised in the tibia. These findings indicate the presence of a bone alteration threshold below which there is no more alteration in structural bone quantity and quality. The negative effects of SAB on bone observed in this study in trained rats may indicate potential complications in doping female athletes with exercise induced amenorrhea.