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J Appl Physiol (December 29, 2005). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01312.2005
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Submitted on October 13, 2005
Accepted on December 16, 2005

The Growth Hormone (GH) Response to Graded Exercise Intensities is Attenuated and the Gender Difference Abolished in Older Adults

Arthur Weltman1*, Judy Y Weltman1, Cathy Pritzlaff Roy1, Laurie Wideman1, James Patrie1, William S Evans1, and Johannes D Veldhuis1

1 Department of Human Services, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: alw2v{at}virginia.edu.

Purpose: To investigate the joint impact of age, gender and exercise intensity on GH secretion. Context: At a university center, 9 young men, 8 young women, 7 older men, and 6 older women were each tested on 6 randomly ordered occasions [control (C) and 5 exercise conditions (Ex)]. Methods: Serum GH concentrations were measured by immunochemiluminometry [10-min samples: 0700h - 0900h (baseline); 0900h - 1300h (C or Ex + recovery)]. Integrated GH concentrations (IGHC) were calculated by trapezoidal reconstruction and GH secretion was modeled using deconvolution analyses. Subjects exercised from 0900-0930h at graded intensities [standardized to individual lactate threshold (LT)] of 25 and 75% of the difference between rest and LT, LT, and 25 and 75% of the difference between LT and peak oxygen consumption. Data were analyzed via mixed-effects ANOVA for repeated measures with post hoc contrasts. Results: 1) Ex elevated IGHC above C in all 4 cohorts; 2) 1.75 LT Ex resulted in maximal IGHC; 3) IGHC differed by gender in young (women > men) but not older adults, 4) older adults secreted 50% less GH during graded exercise; 5) Ex selectively augmented the mass of GH secreted per burst; and 6) higher Ex + recovery IGHC in young women was due to higher baseline IGHC, rather than greater stimulated GH secretion. Conclusion: Young women manifest a greater absolute and incremental IGHC response to exercise than postmenopausal women and men of any age. Age diminishes the GH response to exercise and abolishes the young-adult gender difference. Attenuation of GH responses to all exercise intensities in older adults has implications for exercise prescription as higher exercise intensities may be required to stimulate GH release in older adults.




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L. Wideman, L. Consitt, J. Patrie, B. Swearingin, R. Bloomer, P. Davis, and A. Weltman
The impact of sex and exercise duration on growth hormone secretion
J Appl Physiol, December 1, 2006; 101(6): 1641 - 1647.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]




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