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1 IFR139, CRCIL U689, Paris, France
2 Academy of sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Physiology, Praha, Czech Republic
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: Janelyse.samuel{at}larib.inserm.fr.
Caveolins modulate signalling pathways involved in cardiac development. Caveolin-1 exists in 2 isoforms, the 
isoform derivating from an alternative translational start site that creates a protein truncated by 31 amino acids, mainly expressed in endothelial cells whereas caveolin-3 is present in muscle cells. Our aim was to define caveolin distribution and expression during cardiac postnatal development using immunofluorescence and western blotting. Results: caveolin-3 sarcolemmal labelling appeared as dotted lines from day 1 to 5 and continuous lines after 14 days of age. Caveolin-3 expression, low at birth, increased (4-fold) to reach a maximum (p<0.05) by day 5, then decreased to stabilize in adults. Total caveolin-1 and its 
isoform were co-distributed at birth in endothelial and smooth muscle cells, afterwards only the caveolin-1 labelling became limited to endothelium. Quantitative analysis indicated a similar temporal pattern of both total caveolin-1 and caveolin-1 expression, suggesting that caveolin-1 and -1 are co-regulated; the caveolin-1 levels increased 4-fold by day 5 to reach a maximum by day 14 (p<0.05). Tyrosine-14-caveolin-1 phosphorylation (PY14), low at birth, increased suddenly around day 14 (8-fold versus day 1), returning afterwards to basal level. Since the T3/T4 level is maximal by day 14, caveolin-1 expression/phosphorylation profiles were analysed in hypothyroid heart. The levels of caveolin-1 and consequently PY14 but not that of caveolin-3 decreased (50%) in hypothyroid 14-old rats. Our data demonstrate that during postnatal cardiac growth i-caveolins are distinctly regulated, and ii-thyroid hormone are involved in caveolin-1 expression.
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