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1 Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
2 Department of Physiology, Univeristy Medical Centre Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: macdonmj{at}mcmaster.ca.
Given the increasing emphasis on performance of resistance exercise as an essential component of health, we evaluated, using a prospective longitudinal design, the potential for resistance training to affect arterial endothelial function. Twenty-eight males (23±3.9 [mean±SE]) engaged in 12wk of whole body resistance training, 5 times a week using a repeating split-body 3-day cycle. Brachial endothelial function was measured using occlusion cuff-induced flow-mediated dilation. Following occlusion of the forearm for 4.5 min, brachial artery dilation and post occlusion blood flow was measured continuously for 15 and 70 sec, respectively. Peak and 10-s post-occlusion blood flow, shear rate, and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (relative and normalized to shear rate) were measured pre-training (PRE), at 6wk of training (MID) and at 13wk of training (POST). Results indicated an increase of mean brachial artery diameter by MID and POST versus PRE. Peak and 10-s post occlusion blood flow increased by MID and remained elevated at POST; however, shear rates were not different at any time point. Relative and normalized FMD was also not different at any time point. This study is the first to show that peripheral arterial remodeling does occur with resistance training, in healthy young men. In addition, the increase in post-occlusion blood flow may indicate improved resistance vessel function. However, unlike studies involving endurance training flow-mediated dilation did not increase with resistance training. Thus arterial adaptations with high-pressure loads, such as those experienced during resistance exercise, may be quite different compared to endurance training.
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