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1 The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, Department of Human Physiology, Institute of Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
2 Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
3 Department of Human Biology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
4 The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, Department of Molecular Muscle Biology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
5 Institute of Biochemistry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: bkiens{at}aki.ku.dk.
The protein and mRNA levels of several muscle lipid binding proteins and the activity and mRNA level of muscle lipoprotein lipase were investigated in healthy, non-obese, nontrained (NT), moderately trained (MT), and endurance trained (ET) females and males. FAT/CD36 protein level was 49% higher (p<0.05) in females than in males irrespective of training status whereas FAT/CD36 mRNA was only higher (p<0.05) in females than in males in the NT subjects (85%). FABPpm protein content was higher in ET males compared to all other groups whereas training status did not affect FABPpm protein content in females. FABPpm mRNA was higher (p<0.05) in NT females than in ET females and NT males. Muscle LPL activity was not different between gender but mLPL mRNA was 160% higher (p<0.001) in females than in males. mLPL activity was 48% higher (p<0.05) in ET than in NT subjects irrespective of gender in accordance with 49% higher (p<0.05) mLPL mRNA in ET than in NT subjects. A 90 min exercise bout induced an increase (p<0.05) in FAT/CD36 mRNA (~25%) and FABPpm mRNA (~15%) levels in all groups. The present study demonstrated that in the NT state females had higher muscle mRNA levels of several proteins related to muscle lipid metabolism compared to males. In the endurance trained state only the gender differences in FABPc and mLPL mRNA persisted. FAT/CD36 protein in muscle was higher in females than in males irrespective of training status. These findings may help explaining gender differences in lipid metabolism and furthermore suggest that the balance between gene transcription, translation and possibly breakdown of several proteins in muscle lipid metabolism depend on gender.
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