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J Appl Physiol (January 24, 2008). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01266.2007
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Submitted on November 30, 2007
Accepted on January 20, 2008

Neural Control of Breathing: Insights from Genetic Mouse Models

Claude Gaultier1 and Jorge Gallego2*

1 Service de Physiologie, Hopital Robert Debre, Paris, France
2 U676, INSERM, Paris, France

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: gallego{at}rdebre.inserm.fr.

Recent studies described the in vivo ventilatory phenotype of mutant newborn mice with targeted deletions of genes involved in the organization and development of the respiratory-neuron network. Whole-body flow barometric plethysmography is the noninvasive method of choice for studying unrestrained newborn mice. Breathing-pattern abnormalities with apneas occur in mutant newborn mice that lack genes involved in the development and modulation of rhythmogenesis. Studies of deficits in ventilatory responses to hypercapnia and/or hypoxia helped to identify genes involved in chemosensitivity to oxygen and carbon dioxide. Combined studies in mutant newborn mice and in humans have shed light on the pathogenesis of genetically determined respiratory-control abnormalities such as congenital central hypoventilation syndrome, Rett syndrome, and Prader-Willi syndrome. The development of mouse models has opened up the field of research into new treatments for respiratory-control disorders in humans.




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