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1, 2, and 3 in the rat pre-Botzinger complex
1 Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mwr{at}mcw.edu.
Previously, we reported that the pre-Botzinger complex (PBC) exhibited a dramatic reduction in cytochrome oxidase (CO) activity at postnatal day (P) 12. This coincided in time with decreases in glutamate and NMDAR1, and increases in GABA, GABAB, GlyR and GluR2. To test our hypothesis that various a subunits of GABAA receptors also undergo changes in their expression during postnatal development, as they do in other brain regions, we undertook an in-depth immunohistochemical study of GABAA receptor subunits 
1, 2, and 3 in the PBC of P0 to P21 rats. We found that: 1) GABAA 3 subunit was expressed at relatively high levels at P0, then declined with age; 2) GABAA 1 subunit was expressed at relatively low levels at P0, but increased with age; 3) the developmental trends of subunits 1 and 3 intersected at P12; and 4) GABAA 2 subunit expression was moderate to light at P0, and remained quite constant during development, being lowest at P21. These findings suggest that the apparent switch in relative expressions of subunits 3 and 1 during development and the intersection of slopes around P12 may be associated with possible changes in GABAA receptor subtypes that would mediate different functional properties of GABA transmission, such as primarily a less efficient inhibitory transmission before P12 and a more mature inhibitory effect at P12 and thereafter, as suggested by the kinetics of distinct postsynaptic potentials. This mechanism may contribute partially to the dramatic reduction in CO activity within the PBC at P12, as shown previously.
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