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1 Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: janssen.10{at}osu.edu.
The body is from time to time exposed to non-normothermic conditions; both hypo- and hyperthermia can occur as a result of external (environment) or internal (pathogens, allergens) stressors. In order to preserve life under hypo- and hyper-thermic conditions, adequate perfusion of vital organs is mandated. Although cardiac output regulation under hyperthermic conditions has been studied, the mechanical response of basic contractile function of the myocardium itself is incompletely understood. Accordingly, we set out to test mechanical output of isolated myocardium under hyperthermic conditions, and compare the results to the hypo- and normothermic response in the same tissue. We observed that in absence of a frequency change, developed force decreased markedly. At a physiological normal stimulation rate of 6 Hz, developed force decreases to 67.2±2.6% at 42 °C when compared to 37 °C. In addition, twitch timing characteristics also accelerate, allowing for a faster relaxation; time from peak tension to 50% relaxation is ~23% faster (from 31.4±2.6 to 24.4±1.7 ms). Although this faster relaxation in turn prevents a steep increase in diastolic tension at high frequencies, the very fast calcium kinetics now prevent a more complete activation of the myofilaments, resulting in a lower twitch-force maximum at hyperthermic conditions. Even at maximal B-adrenergic stimulation, developed force is well below levels reached at physiological temperature.
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