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1 Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
2 Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Faculty of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mjmla{at}ucalgary.ca.
Mechanical loading can significantly affect skeletal adaptation. High-frequency loading can be a potent osteogenic stimulus. Additionally, insertion of rest-periods between consecutive loading bouts can be a potent osteogenic stimulus. Thus, we investigated if the insertion of rest-periods between short-term high-frequency loading bouts would augment adaptation in the mature murine skeleton. Right tibiae of skeletally mature (16 wk) female C57BL/6 mice were loaded in cantilever bending at peak of 800 µ
, 30 Hz, 5 d.wk-1 for 3 wk. Left tibiae were the contralateral control condition. Mice were randomly assigned into one of two groups: continuous high-frequency (CT) stimulation for 100 s (n = 9), or 1 s pulses of high-frequency stimuli followed by 10 s of rest (RI) for 100 s (n=9). Calcein labels were administered on days 1 and 21; label incorporation was used to histomorphometrically assess periosteal and endosteal indices of adaptation. Periosteal surface referent bone formation rate (pBFR.BS-1) was significantly enhanced in CT (>88%) and RI (>126%) loaded tibiae, relative to control tibiae. Furthermore, RI tibiae had significantly greater pBFR.BS-1, relative to CT tibiae (>72%). The endosteal surface was not as sensitive to mechanical loading as the periosteal surface. Thus, short-term high-frequency loading significantly elevated pBFR.BS-1, relative to control tibiae. Furthermore, despite the 10-fold reduction in cycle number, the insertion of rest-periods between bouts of high-frequency stimuli significantly augmented pBFR.BS-1, relative to tibiae loaded continually. Optimization of osteogenesis in response to mechanical loading may underpin the development of non-pharmacological regiments designed to increase bone strength in individuals with compromised bone structures.
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