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J Appl Physiol (July 6, 2006). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01131.2005
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Submitted on September 9, 2005
Accepted on July 2, 2006

Regional Pulmonary Blood Flow in Dogs by 4D- X-ray CT

Deokiee Chon1, Kenneth C. Beck2, Ranae L Larsen3, Hidenori Shikata2, and Eric A Hoffman1*

1 Radiology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa CIty, Iowa, United States; Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa CIty, Iowa, United States
2 Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa CIty, Iowa, United States
3 Department of Medicine, Divison of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: eric-hoffman{at}uiowa.edu.

ECG-triggered computed tomography (CT) was used during passage of iodinated contrast to determine regional pulmonary blood flow (PBF) in anesthetized prone/supine dogs. PBF was evaluated as a function of height within the lung (supine and prone) as a function of various normalization methods: raw unit volume data (PBFraw) or PBFnormalized to: regional fraction air (PBFair); fractional non-air (PBFgm); or relative number of alveoli (PBFalv). The coefficient of variation of PBFraw, PBFair, PBFalv, and PBFgm ranged between 30%-50% in both lungs and both body postures. The position of maximal flow along the height of the lung (MFP) was calculated for PBFraw, PBFair, PBFalv, and PBFgm. Only PBFgm showed a significantly different MFP height supine vs. prone (Whole lung: 2.60 ± 1.08 cm supine vs. 5.08 ± 1.61 cm prone, p < 0.01). Mean slope (ml/min/gm water content/cm) of PBFgm were steeper supine vs. prone in the right (RL) but not left lung (LL) (RL: -0.65 ± 0.29 supine vs. -0.26 ± 0.25 prone, p < 0.02; LL: -0.47 ± 0.21 supine vs. -0.32 ± 0.26 prone, P > 0.10). Mean slopes of PBFgm vs. vertical lung height were not different prone vs. supine above this VMFP, but PBFgm slopes were steeper in the supine position below the VMFP in the right lung. We conclude that PBFgm distribution was posture-dependent in RL but not LL. Support of the heart may play a role. We demonstrate that normalization factors can lead to differing attributions of gravitational effects on PBF heterogeneity.




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