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J Appl Physiol (August 9, 2002). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01117.2001
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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print August 9, 2002
J Appl Physiol, 10.1152/jap.01117.2001
Submitted on November 7, 2001
Accepted on July 24, 2002

Water exchange in active and inactive skeletal muscles induced by unilateral exercise

Anders T Nygren1* and Lennart Kaijser1

1 Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences & Technology, Division of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: anders.nygren{at}labtek.ki.se.

Water exchange was evaluated in active (E-leg) and inactive skeletal muscles (N-leg) using 1H-MRI. Six healthy subjects performed one-legged plantar flexion exercise at low and high workloads. Magnetic resonance imaging measured calf cross-sectional area (CSA), transverse relaxation time (T2), and diffusion (ADC) at rest and during recovery. N-leg had after high workload decreased CSA and T2 by -2.1 % (p<0.05) and -3.1 % (p<0.05) respectively, with unchanged ADC. E-leg had simultaneously increased CSA, T2, and ADC by 4.2 % (p<0.001), 15.5 % (p<0.05), and 12.5 % (p<0.001) respectively. In conclusion; ADC, likewise T2, correlated highly with muscle volume indicative of extravascular water displacement closely related to muscle activity and perfusion, presumably a combined effect of increased intracellular osmoles and hydrostatic forces as driving forces. A distinguishable muscle temperature release was initially detected in the E-leg after high workload, and the following recovery of ADC and T2 indicated delayed interstitial restitution than that of the intracellular compartment. Furthermore, absorption of extravascular water was detected in inactive muscles at contralateral high intense exercise.




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