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J Appl Physiol (November 21, 2007). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01091.2007
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Submitted on October 11, 2007
Accepted on November 20, 2007

Mini-Review: Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} and Myostatin Signaling in Skeletal Muscle

Helen D. Kollias1 and John C. McDermott2*

1 Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
2 Biology, York University, Toronto, Canada

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jmcderm{at}yorku.ca.

The superfamily of transforming growth factor {beta} (TGF-{beta}) cytokines has been shown to have profound effects on cellular proliferation, differentiation and growth. Recently, there have been major advances in our understanding of the signaling pathway(s) conveying TGF-{beta}signals to the nucleus to ultimately control gene expression. One tissue that is potently influenced by TGF-{beta}superfamily signaling is skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscle ontogeny and post-natal physiology have proven to be exquisitely sensitive to the TGF-{beta} superfamily cytokine milieu in various animal systems from mice to humans. Recently, major strides have been made in understanding the role of TGF-{beta} and its closely related family member, myostatin, in these processes. In this overview, we will review recent advances in our understanding of the TGF-{beta} and myostatin signaling pathways and, in particular, focus on the implications of this signaling pathway for skeletal muscle development, physiology, and pathology.




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