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1 Department of Physiology, Texas Tech University School of Medicine, Lubbock, TX, USA
2 Department of Physiology, Texas Tech University School of Medicine, Lubbock, TX, USA; Information Transmission Problems Institute, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russian Federation
3 Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison, WI, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: andrew.lovering{at}ttmc.ttuhsc.edu.
This study characterized ventilation, the airflow waveform, and diaphragmatic activity in response to hypoxia in the intact adult cat during sleep and wakefulness. Exposure to hypoxia for up to three hours caused sustained hyperventilation during both wakefulness and sleep. Hyperventilation resulted from significant increases in minute ventilation due to increases in both tidal volume and frequency. Diaphragmatic activity changed significantly from augmenting activity with little postinspiratory-inspiratory activity (PIIA) in normoxia to augmenting activity with increased PIIA in hypoxia. The increase in PIIA was least in REM sleep. These changes in diaphragmatic activity were associated with changes in airflow waveforms in inspiration and expiration. We conclude that the ventilatory response to hypoxia involves a change in the output of the central pattern generator and that the change is dependent in part on the state of consciousness.
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