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1 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
2 Department of Nutrition and Preventive Medicine2, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: kullo.iftikhar{at}mayo.edu.
We investigated whether markers of inflammation including a cytokine (interleukin-6 (IL-6)), acute phase reactants (C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen), and white blood cell (WBC) count are associated with maximal oxygen consumption (VO 2max) in men without coronary heart disease (CHD). Asymptomatic men (n=172, mean age 51±9.3 years) underwent measurement of VO 2max during a symptom-limited graded treadmill exercise test. Physical activity level was assessed by a standardized questionnaire. IL-6 and CRP were measured by immunoassays, fibrinogen by the Clauss method, and WBC count using a Coulter counter. IL-6 and CRP were log-transformed to reduce skewness. Multivariable regression was used to assess whether markers of inflammation were associated with VO2max after adjustment for age, body mass index (BMI), CHD risk factors, and lifestyle variables (physical activity level, percent body fat, and alcohol intake). Mean (±SD) VO2max was 34.5±6.1 ml/kg/min. Log IL-6 (r=-0.38, P < 0.001), log CRP (r=-0.40, P < 0.001), fibrinogen (r=-0.42, P < 0.001), and WBC count (r=-0.22, P=0.004) were each correlated with VO2 max. In separate multivariable linear regression models that adjusted for age, BMI, CHD risk factors and lifestyle variables, log IL-6 (
±SE = -1.66±0.63, P=0.010), log CRP (±SE=-0.99±0.33, P=0.003), fibrinogen (±SE=-1.51±0.44, P=0.001), and WBC count (±SE=-0.52±0.30, P=0.088) were each inversely associated with VO2max. In conclusion, higher circulating levels of IL-6, CRP, and fibrinogen are independently associated with lower VO2max in asymptomatic men.
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