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1 Canadian Centre for Activity adn Aging, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
2 Canadian Centre for Activity adn Aging, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: crice{at}uwo.ca.
We examined the effect of an age-related leftward shift in the force-frequency relationship on the comparative quadriceps fatigability of 9 young (27 ± 1y) and 9 old men (78 ± 1y) during low frequency electrical stimulation. Two different protocols of intermittent trains (6-pulses on: 650ms off) of electrical stimulation at 25% MVC were performed by both groups: (1) 180 trains at 14.3Hz [constant frequency (CF) protocol], and (2) 180 trains at the frequency corresponding to 60% of each subject's force-frequency curve [normalized frequency (NF) protocol; young 14.9±0.4Hz vs. old 12.7±0.5Hz, P<0.05]. The quadriceps of the old men were weaker (~31%) and relaxation was slower compared to the young men, as assessed by the maximal relaxation rate constant of the 50Hz tetanus (MRR: young 12.1±0.2 s-1 vs. old 9.2±0.5 s-1, P<0.05) and a leftward shift in the force-frequency relationship. The NF protocol revealed a decreased fatigability in the quadriceps with old age (% of 1st contraction force remaining at 180th: old 63.4±1.5% vs. young 58.2±1.7%, P<0.05) that was masked during the CF protocol (old 60.7±1.6%, young 58.6±2.3%, P>0.05). Irrespective of the protocol, the MRR was reduced to ~73% and ~57% of the prefatigue value in the young and old men, respectively. The age-related leftward shift in the force-frequency relationship of the quadriceps contributed to an underestimation of the fatigue resistance with old age during the CF protocol. But, when the stimulation frequency used in the NF protocol was adjusted to account for the age-related shift in the force-frequency relationship, the quadriceps muscles of the old men were less fatigable than those of the young men. Thus, we suggest that whole muscle fatigability is better examined by electrical stimulation protocols that are adjusted for inter- and intra-group differences in the force-frequency relationship.
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