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J Appl Physiol (July 11, 2003). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00991.2002
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Submitted on October 28, 2002
Accepted on May 12, 2003

Submandibular responses to stimulation of the parasympathetic innervation in anaesthetized sheep

Christopher M Edwards1, Paul P Corkery2, and Anthony V Edwards3*

1 Hammersmith Hospital, University of London, London, London, United Kingdom
2 Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Dublin, Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
3 Physiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Canbridgeshire, United Kingdom

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ave1000{at}cam.ac.uk.

Submandibular secretory and vascular responses to stimulation of the parasympathetic innervation and the output of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) were investigated in anaesthetized sheep in the presence and absence of atropine (>=0.5 mg kg-1). In the absence of atropine, parasympathetic stimulation caused an increase in the flow of saliva and a decrease in submandibular vascular resistance (SVR); the latter response persisted after the administration of atropine and was then significantly reduced at the lowest, but not at the higher frequencies tested. The output of VIP from the gland was frequency-dependent over the range (10-20 Hz continuously) and significantly increased after atropine (P<0.02). Furthermore the fall in vascular resistance was linearly related to log VIP output after total muscarinic blockade. Intra-carotid infusions of synthetic VIP produced dose-dependent falls in SVR, together with a corresponding increase in submandibular blood flow. It is concluded that the atropine-resistant vasodilatation that occurs in this gland during parasympathetic stimulation is likely to be due largely, if not entirely, to the release of VIP.




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