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J Appl Physiol (February 7, 2003). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00959.2002
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Submitted on October 16, 2002
Accepted on February 5, 2003

Attenuated Responses to Sympathoexcitation in Individuals with Down Syndrome

Bo Fernhall1* and Mari Otterstetter2

1 Exercise Science Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
2 Exercise Science Department, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: bfernhal{at}syr.edu.

This study evaluated blood pressure and heart rate responses to exercise and non-exercise tasks as indices of autonomic function in subjects with and without Down syndrome (DS). 24 subjects (12 with and 12 without DS) completed maximal treadmill exercise, isometric handgrip (30% of maximum) and cold pressor tests, with heart rate and blood pressure measurements. Maximal heart rate and heart rate and blood pressure responses to the isometric hand grip and cold pressor tests were reduced in subjects with DS (p<.05). Both early (first 30 seconds) and late (last 30 seconds) responses were reduced. Obesity did not appear to influence the results as both obese and normal weight subjects with DS exhibited similar responses, and controlling for BMI did not alter the results between controls and subjects with DS. Individuals with DS, without congenital heart disease, exhibit reduced heart rate and blood pressure responses to isometric handgrip exercise and cold pressor testing, consistent with autonomic dysfunction. Autonomic dysfunction may partially explain chronotropic incompetence observed during maximal treadmill exercise in individuals with DS.




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