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1 Department of Pediatrics, HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
2 Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: rtepper{at}iupui.edu.
Pathophysiologic conditions of the lung may shift the balance of forces so as to chronically alter the amount of strain imposed on the airways. This chronic strain could result in changes in the structure and/or function of the airways that affect its physiologic properties. We evaluated the effects of imposing physiologic levels of chronic mechanical strain on the passive and active physiologic properties of intra-parenchymal rabbit airways. Isolated bronchial segments were cultured for 48 hours at transmural pressures of 0 cmH2O (No Strain) or 7 cmH2O (Strain). Effects of strain on small parenchymal airways were evaluated in lung tissue slices cultured under conditions of No Strain or approximately 50% increased in diameter (Strain). Chronic strain resulted in a higher passive compliance of the bronchial segments and larger airway lumen size. In addition, bronchi not subjected to chronic Strain were more responsive to ACh than bronchi subjected to chronic Strain, and airways in lung slices subjected to No Strain narrowed more in response to ACh than airways in lung slices subjected to Strain. The greatest effects of chronic strain occurred in the smallest sized airways. Our results suggest that chronic distention of the airways has physiologically important effects on their passive and active properties, which are most prominent in the smaller, more peripheral airways.
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