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1 Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts, United States
2 Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, United States
3 Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, United States
4 Department of Kinesiology, University of Rhode Island, United States
5 Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico at Cayey, Puerto Rico
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: robert.kenefick{at}us.army.mil.
Purpose: This study examined the effects of rehydration (Rehy) with fluids of varying tonicities and routes of administration, after exercise-induced hypohydration on exercise performance, fluid regulatory hormone responses and cardiovascular and thermoregulatory strain during subsequent exercise in the heat. Methods: On four occasions, 8 males performed an exercise-dehydration protocol of ~185 min [33°C] to establish a 4% reduction in body weight. Following dehydration, 2% of the fluid lost was replaced during the first 45 min of a 100 min rest period, by one of three random Rehy treatments [0.9% saline IV; 0.45% saline IV; 0.45% saline oral] or no Rehy [NF] treatment. Subjects then stood for 20 min at 36°C and then walked at 50% VO2max for 90 min. Results: Subsequent to dehydration, plasma Na+, osmolality, aldosterone and arginine vasopressin concentrations were elevated [p<0.05] in each trial, accompanied by a -4% hemoconcentration. Following Rehy, there were no differences [p>0.05] in fluid volume restored, post-Rehy body weight or urine volume. %
PV was 5% above pre-Rehy values and plasma Na+, osmolality and fluid regulatory hormones were lower compared to NF. During exercise skin and core temperatures, heart rate and exercise time were not different [p>0.05] among the Rehy treatments. Plasma osmolality, Na+, %
PV and fluid regulatory hormones responded similarly among all Rehy treatments. Discussion: Neither a fluid of greater tonicity or the route of administration resulted in a more rapid or greater fluid retention, nor did it enhance heat tolerance or diminish physiological strain during subsequent exercise in the heat.
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