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1 Medicine/Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, 4200 E. 9th Ave, Denver, Colorado, 80262, United States; Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, 354 UCB, Boulder, Colorado, 80309, United States
2 Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, 354 UCB, Boulder, Colorado, 80309, United States
3 Medicine/Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, 4200 E. 9th Ave, Denver, Colorado, 80262, United States; Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: Kerrie.Moreau{at}uchsc.edu.
Basal whole-leg blood flow and vascular conductance are reduced in estrogen-deficient postmenopausal compared with premenopausal women. The underlying mechanisms are unknown, but oxidative stress could be involved. We studied 9 premenopausal (23±1 years [mean±SE]) and 20 estrogen-deficient postmenopausal (55±1) healthy women. During baseline control, oxidized LDL, a marker of oxidative stress, was 50% greater in the postmenopausal women (P<0.001). Basal whole-leg blood flow (duplex ultrasound of femoral artery) was 34% lower in the postmenopausal women because of a 38% lower leg vascular conductance (P<0.0001); mean arterial pressure was not different. Intravenous administration of a supra-physiological dose of the antioxidant ascorbic acid increased leg blood flow by 15% in the postmenopausal women as a result of an increase in leg vascular conductance (both P<0.001), but did not affect leg blood flow in premenopausal controls or mean arterial pressure in either group. In the pooled subjects, the changes in leg blood flow and leg vascular conductance with ascorbic acid were related to baseline plasma oxidized LDL (r=0.46 and 0.53, P<0.01) and waist-to-hip ratio and total body fat (r=0.41-0.44, all P<0.05). Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that oxidative stress contributes to chronic leg vasoconstriction and reduced basal whole-leg blood flow in estrogen-deficient postmenopausal women. This oxidative stress-related suppression of leg vascular conductance and blood flow may be linked in part to increased total and abdominal adiposity.
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