Journal of Applied Physiology AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology
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J Appl Physiol (January 17, 2003). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00774.2002
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Submitted on August 23, 2002
Accepted on January 14, 2003

Greater Rate of Decline in Maximal Aerobic Capacity with Age in Endurance-Trained vs. Sedentary Men

Annemarie E Pimentel1, Christopher L Gentile1, Hirofumi Tanaka1, Douglas R Seals2, and Phillip E Gates1*

1 Human Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
2 Human Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA; Division of Cardiology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: phillip{at}spot.colorado.edu.

To determine the relation between habitual endurance exercise status and the age-associated decline in maximal aerobic capacity (maximal oxygen consumption- VO2max) in men, we performed a well-controlled cross-sectional laboratory study on 153 healthy males aged 20-75 years: 64 sedentary and 89 endurance-trained. VO2max (ml/kg/min), measured by maximal treadmill exercise, was inversely related to age in both endurance-trained (r = -0.80) and sedentary (r = -0.74) men, but was higher in the endurance-trained men at any age. The rate of decline in VO2max with age (ml/kg/min) was greater (P<0.001) in the endurance-trained compared with the sedentary men. Whereas the relative rate of decline in VO2max (% decrease per decade from baseline levels in young adulthood) was similar in the 2 groups, the absolute rate of decline in VO2max was -5.4 ml/kg/min/decade in the endurance-trained compared with -3.9 ml/kg/min/decade in the sedentary men. VO2max declined linearly across the age range in the sedentary men, but was maintained in the endurance-trained men until ~age 50 yr. The accelerated decline in VO2max after age 50 yr in the endurance-trained men was related to a decline in training volume (r = 0.46, P<0.0001) and was associated with an increase in 10 km running time (r = -0.84, P<0.0001). We conclude that the rate of decline in maximal aerobic capacity during middle and older age is greater in endurance-trained men compared with their sedentary peers and is associated with a marked decline in oxygen pulse.




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