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1 Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
2 Department of Molecular Muscle Biology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
3 Institute of Sports Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: legerlotz{at}dshs-koeln.de.
Compared to muscle or bone, there is a lack of information about the relationship between tendon adaptation and the applied loading characteristic. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the effect of different exercise modes characterized by very distinct loading patterns on the mechanical, morphological, and biochemical properties of the Achilles tendon. Sixty-four female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: a non-active age-matched control group (AMC, n=20), a voluntary wheel running group (RT, n=20), a vibration strength trained group (LVST, n=12), a high vibration strength trained group (HVST, n=6), and a high strength trained group (HST, n=6). After a 12 week long experimental period, the Achilles tendon was tested mechanically and the cross-sectional area (CSA), the M. soleus and gastrocnemius mass, and mRNA concentration of collagen I, collagen III, TIMP1, TGF
, CTGF, and MMP1 was determined. Neither in the LVST nor in the HVST group any adaptation of the Achilles tendon could be detected, although the training had an effect on the M. gastrocnemius mass in the LVST group (p<0.05). In the HST group the highest creep was found, but the effect was more pronounced compared to the LVST (p<0.05) than to the AMC group. That indicates that this was rather induced by the low muscle mass than by training. But the RT group had a higher TIMP1 mRNA concentration in the Achilles tendon in contrast to AMC group (p<0.05) which suggests that this exercise mode may have an influence on tendon adaptation.
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