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J Appl Physiol (November 1, 2002). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00766.2002
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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print November 1, 2002
J Appl Physiol, 10.1152/jap.00766.2002
Submitted on August 20, 2002
Accepted on October 21, 2002

Inflammatory cells in rat skeletal muscle are elevated after electrically stimulated contractions

Thomas J McLoughlin1, Eleni Mylona1, Troy A Hornberger2, Karyn A Esser2, and Francis X Pizza1*

1 Department of Kinesiology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
2 School of Kinesiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: fpizza{at}pop3.utoledo.edu.

We determined the effect of muscle contractions resulting from high frequency electrical stimulation (HFES) on inflammatory cells in rat tibialis anterior (TA), plantaris (PLN), and soleus (SOL) muscles at 6, 24, and 72 h post-HFES. A minimum of four and a maximum of seven rats were analyzed at each time point. HFES, applied to the sciatic nerve, caused the SOL and PLN to contract concentrically and the TA to contract eccentrically. Neutrophils were higher (p<0.05) at 6 and 24 h after HFES in the SOL, PLN, and TA muscles relative to control muscles. ED1+ macrophages in the PLN were elevated at 6 and 24 h after HFES and were also elevated in the SOL and TA after HFES relative to controls. ED2+ macrophages in the SOL and TA were elevated at 24 and 72 h after HFES, respectively, and were also elevated in the PLN after HFES relative to controls. In contrast to the TA muscles, the PLN and SOL muscles showed no gross histological abnormalities. Collectively, these data indicate that both eccentric and concentric contractions can increase inflammatory cells in muscle regardless of whether overt histological signs of injury are apparent.




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