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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print October 25, 2002
J Appl Physiol, 10.1152/jap.00755.2002
Submitted on August 15, 2002
Accepted on October 14, 2002
1 Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
2 Department of Health and Human Performance, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: nissen{at}iastate.edu.
The purpose of this study was to quantitate which dietary supplements augment lean mass and strength gains during resistance training. Peer-reviewed studies between the years 1967 and 2002 were included in the analysis if they met a predetermined set of experimental criteria, among which were at least three weeks duration and resistance-training two or more times a week. Lean mass and strength were normalized for meta-analysis by conversion to percent change per week and by calculating the effect size for each variable. Of the 250 supplements examined, only six had more than two studies that met the criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Creatine and ß-hydroxy-ß-methylbutyrate (HMB) were found to significantly increase net lean mass gains of 0.36% and 0.28% / week and strength gains of 1.09% and 1.40% / week (p<0.05), respectively. Chromium, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), androstenedione and protein did not significantly affect lean gain or strength. In conclusion, two supplements, creatine and HMB, have data supporting their use to augment lean mass and strength gains with resistance training.
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