Journal of Applied Physiology
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J Appl Physiol (August 13, 2004). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00744.2004
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Submitted on July 16, 2004
Accepted on August 12, 2004

Total Body Skeletal Muscle and Adipose Tissue Volumes: Estimation from a Single Abdominal Cross-Sectional Image

Wei Shen1*, Mark Punyanitya1, ZiMian Wang1, Dympna Gallagher1, Marie-Pierre St-Onge1, Jeanine Albu1, Steven B Heymsfield1, and Stanley Heshka1

1 Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, Obesity Research Center, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital, New York, NY, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ws2003{at}columbia.edu.

A single abdominal cross-sectional computerized axial tomography and magnetic resonance (MR) image is often obtained in studies examining adipose tissue (AT) distribution. An abdominal image might also provide additional useful information on total body skeletal muscle (SM) and AT volumes with related physiological insights. We therefore investigated the relationships between abdominal SM and AT areas from single images and total body component volumes in a large and diverse sample of healthy adult subjects. Total body SM and AT volumes were derived by whole-body multislice MR imaging in 123 men [age (mean±SD) 41.6±15.8 y; body mass index (BMI), 25.9±3.4 kg/m2] and 205 women (age, 47.8±18.7 y; BMI, 26.7±5.6 kg/m2). Single abdominal SM and AT slice areas were highly correlated with total body SM (r = 0.71-0.92; r = 0.90 at L4-L5) and AT (r = 0.84-0.96; r = 0.94 at L4-L5) volumes, respectively. R2 increased by only 5.7-6.1 % for SM and 2.7-4.4 % for AT with the inclusion of subject sex, age, ethnicity, scanning position, BMI, and waist circumference in the model. The developed SM and AT models were validated in an additional 49 subjects. In order to achieve equivalent power to a study measuring total body SM or AT volumes, a study using a single abdominal image would require 17-24% more subjects for SM and 6-12 % more for AT. Measurement of a single abdominal image can thus provide estimates of total body SM and AT for group studies of healthy adults.




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