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1 Medicine, Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA; Medicine and Rehabilitation Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Spinal Cord Injury, Rancho Los Amigos National Rehabilitation Hospital, Downey, CA, USA
2 Spinal Cord Injury, Rancho Los Amigos National Rehabilitation Hospital, Downey, CA, USA
3 Spinal Cord Injury, Rancho Los Amigos National Rehabilitation Hospital, Downey, CA, USA; Medicine, University of California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
4 Body Composition Unit, St. Lukes Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, NY, USA
5 Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA; Medicine and Rehabilitation Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Spinal Cord Injury, Rancho Los Amigos National Rehabilitation Hospital, Downey, CA, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: amspungen{at}att.net.
To determine the body composition differences across age, 133 men with chronic SCI (66 with tetraplegia, 67 with paraplegia) were compared with an age-, height- and ethnicity-matched able-bodied male reference population (n=100) using two different dual energy x-ray absorptiometry densitometers. The effects of duration of injury, level and completeness of lesion were analyzed in the SCI population. Independent of age, total body and regional lean mass were lower and fat mass was higher in persons with SCI compared with controls. The SCI group was (mean±SE) 13±1% fatter per unit of body mass index (kg/m2) compared with the control group (P<0.0001). Advancing age was strongly associated with less lean mass and greater adiposity in those with SCI, while mildly related in the controls. Total body and regional arm and trunk, but not leg lean tissues were 2 to 3 times lower in subjects with SCI, across all ages than the controls. In summary, persons with SCI were fatter for any BMI and demonstrated significantly less lean and more adipose tissues for any given age compared with controls.
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