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1 Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
2 Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, 32611, Florida, United States
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: sdodd{at}hhp.ufl.edu.
Skeletal muscle reloading following disuse is characterized by profound oxidative damage. This study tested the hypothesis that intermittent hyperthermia during reloading attenuates oxidative damage and augments skeletal muscle regrowth following immobilization. Forty animals were randomly divided into four groups: Control (Con), Immobilized (Im), Reloaded (RC), and Reloaded and heated (RH). All groups but Con were immobilized for seven days. Animals in the RC and RH groups were then reloaded for seven days with (RH) or without (RC) hyperthermia (41-41.5°C for 30 min on alternating days) during reloading. Heating resulted in ~25% elevation in HSP expression (p<0.05) and an approximate 30% greater soleus regrowth (p<0.05) in RH when compared to RC. Further, oxidant damage was lower in the RH group when compared to RC as nitrotyrosine and HNE was returned to near baseline when heating was combined with reloading. Reduced oxidant damage was independent of antioxidant enzymes (MnSOD, CuZnSOD, Cat, GPX, GRX). In summary, these data suggest that intermittent hyperthermia during reloading attenuates oxidative stress and improves the rate of skeletal muscle regrowth during reloading after immobilization.
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