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J Appl Physiol (September 20, 2002). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00722.2002
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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print September 20, 2002
J Appl Physiol, 10.1152/jap.00722.2002
Submitted on August 5, 2002
Accepted on September 12, 2002

Carotid Body Denervation Eliminates Apnea in Response to Transient Hypocapnia

Hideaki Nakayama1, Curtis A Smith1*, Joshua R Rodman1, James B Skatrud1, and Jerome A Dempsey1

1 The John Rankin Laboratory of Pulmonary Medicine, Departments of Population Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: casmith4{at}wisc.edu.

We determined the effects on breathing of transient ventilatory overshoots and concomitant hypocapnia, as produced by pressure support mechanical ventilation (PSV), in intact and carotid body chemoreceptor denervated (CBX) sleeping dogs. In the intact dog, PSV-induced transient increases in VT and hypocapnia caused apnea within 10-11 seconds, followed by repetitive two-breath clusters separated by apneas i.e., periodic breathing (PB). Following CBX, significant TE prolongation did not occur until after 30 seconds of PSV-induced hypocapnia and periodic breathing never occurred. Average apneas of 8.4 ± 1 seconds duration following a ventilatory overshoot required a decrease below eupnea of 5.1 ± 0.4 Torr PETCO2 below eupnea in the intact animal and 10.1 ± 2 Torr in the CBX dog; the former reflecting peripheral, and the latter central, dynamic CO2 chemoresponsiveness as tested in the absence of peripheral chemoreceptor input. Hyperoxia when the dogs were intact shortened PSV-induced apneas and reduced PB but did not mimic the effects of CBX. We conclude that, during NREM sleep, carotid chemoreceptors are required to produce the apneas that normally occur following a transient ventilatory overshoot and for periodic breathing.




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