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1 Exercise Science, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
2 Medical Department M, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Respiratory Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
3 Institute of Experimental Clinical Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
4 Endocrine Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jakanale{at}syr.edu.
The secretion of growth hormone (GH) increases acutely during exercise but whether this is associated with the concomitant alterations in substrate metabolism has not previously been studied. We examined the effects of acute GH administration on palmitate, glucose and protein metabolism before, during and after 45 min. of moderate intensity aerobic exercise in 8 GH-deficient men (mean age = 40.8±2.9 yr.), on 2 occasions, with (0.4 IU GH) (+GH) and without GH administered (-GH). A group of healthy controls (n=8, mean age = 40.4±4.2 yr.) were studied without GH. The GH replacement during exercise on the +GH study mimicked the endogenous GH profile seen in healthy controls. No significant difference in resting free fatty acid (FFA) flux was found between study days, but during exercise a greater FFA flux was found when GH was administered (211±26 vs. 168±28 mmol.min-1, p < 0.05), which remained elevated throughout recovery (P<0.05). With GH administered, the exercise FFA flux was not significantly different than observed in control subjects (188±14 mmol>min-1), but the recovery flux was greater on the +GH day than in the controls (169±17 vs. 119±11 mmol.min-1, respectively, P<0.01). A significant time effect (P<0.01) for glucose rate of appearance (Ra) from rest, to exercise and recovery occurred in the GH-deficient adults and the controls, while there were no differences in glucose rate of disappearance. No significant effect across time was found for protein muscle balance. In conclusion: 1) acute exposure to GH during exercise stimulates the FFA release and turnover in GH-deficient adults, 2) GH does not significantly impact glucose or protein metabolism during exercise, and 3) the exercise-induced secretion of GH plays a significant role in the regulation of fatty acid metabolism.
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