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1 Biomedical Kinesiology, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
2 Biomedical Kinesiology, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium; Leuven, Belgium
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: martine.thomis{at}faber.kuleuven.be.
Genotypic associations between polymorphisms in the CNTF and CNTFR genes and muscular strength phenotypes in 154 middle-aged men (45-49yr) and 138 women (38-44yr), and 99 older men (60-78yr) and 102 older women (60-80yr) were tested to validate earlier association studies. Allelic interaction effects were hypothesized between alleles of CNTF/CNTFR. We performed ANCOVA with age, height and fat-free mass (FFM) as covariates. Fat-free mass was anthropometrically estimated by the equation of Durnin-Womersley. Isometric, concentric and eccentric torques for the knee flexors (KF) and extensors (KE) were measured using Biodex dynamometry. In the older male group, T-allele carriers of the C-1703T polymorphism in CNTFR performed significantly better on all non-corrected KF torques, whereas only non-corrected KE isometric torque at 120deg and concentric torque at 240deg/s were higher than the C/C homozygotes (p<0.05). When age, height and FFM were used as covariates, T-allele carriers performed only better on KE and KF isometric torque at 120deg (p<0.05). Concentric KF torque at 180deg/s was lower in middle-aged female A-carriers compared with the T/T subjects for the T1069A polymorphism in CNTFR. After correction for age, height and FFM, middle-aged female A-allele carriers exhibited lower values on all concentric KF strength measures and isometric torque at 120deg. There was a lack of association with the CNTF G-6A polymorphism in males, with inconclusive results for a limited number of phenotypes in females. No significant CNTF/CNTFR allele interaction effects were found. Results indicate that CNTFR C-1703T and T1069A polymorphisms are significantly associated with muscle strength in humans.
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