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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print October 22, 2001
J Appl Physiol, 10.1152/jap.00672.2001
Submitted on June 29, 2001
Accepted on October 12, 2001
1 Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA; Cell Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
2 Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
3 Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA; Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jme2002{at}mail.med.cornell.edu.
Biosensors play a critical role in the real-time determination of relevant functional physiological needs. However, typical in vivo biosensors only approximate endogenous function via the measurement of surrogate signals, and therefore may often lack a high degree of dynamic fidelity with physiologic requirements. To overcome this limitation we have developed an excitable tissue-based implantable biosensor approach exploiting the inherent electropotential input-output relationship of cardiac myocytes to measure the physiological regulatory inputs of chronotropic demand via the detection of blood-borne signals. Here we report the improvement of this application through the modulation of host-biosensor communication via the enhancement of vascularization of chronotropic complexes in mice. Moreover, in an effort to further improve translational applicability as well as molecular plasticity, we have advanced this approach by employing stem cell-derived cardiac myocyte aggregates in the place of whole cardiac tissue. Overall these studies demonstrate the potential of biologically-based biosensors to predict endogenous physiological dynamics and may facilitate the translation of this approach for in vivo monitoring.
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