Journal of Applied Physiology AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology
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J Appl Physiol (December 23, 2004). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00653.2004
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Submitted on June 24, 2004
Accepted on December 17, 2004

Cerebral White Matter Blood Flow Is Constant During Human Non-Rapid Eye Movement Sleep: A Positron Emission Tomographic Study

Masahiko Hiroki1*, Takeshi Uema2, Naofumi Kajimura3, Kenichi Ogawa4, Masami Nishikawa3, Masaaki Kato3, Tsuyoshi Watanabe3, Toru Nakajima5, Harumasa Takano3, Etsuko Imabayashi6, Takashi Ohnishi6, Yutaka Takayama3, Hiroshi Matsuda6, Makoto Uchiyama7, Masako Okawa8, Kiyohisa Takahashi3, and Hidenao Fukuyama1

1 Human Brain Research Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
2 Department of Psychiatry, Osaka Prefectural General Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
3 Department of Psychiatry, National Center Hospital for Mental, Nervous, and Muscular Disorders, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
4 Department of Anesthesiology, National Center Hospital for Mental, Nervous, and Muscular Disorders, NCNP, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
5 Department of Psychiatry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
6 Department of Radiology, National Center Hospital for Mental, Nervous, and Muscular Disorders, NCNP, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
7 Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health, NCNP, Ichikawa, Chiba, Japan
8 Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: CYI01752{at}nifty.com.

This study aimed to identify brain regions with the least decreased cerebral blood flow (CBF) and their relationship to physiological parameters during human non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. Using [15O]-H2O positron emission tomography, CBF was measured for nine normal young adults during nighttime. As NREM sleep progressed, mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and whole-brain mean CBF decreased significantly; arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (Paco2) and, selectively, relative CBF of the cerebral white matter increased significantly. Absolute CBF remained constant in the cerebral white matter: registering 25.9 ± 3.8 during wakefulness, 25.8 ± 3.3 during light NREM sleep, and 26.9 ± 3.0 (ml/100 g/min) during deep NREM sleep (P = 0.592); and in the occipital cortex (P = 0.611). The regression slope of the absolute CBF significantly differed with respect to Paco2 between the cerebral white matter (slope 0.054, R = - 0.04) and frontoparietal association cortex (slope - 0.776, R = - 0.31) (P = 0.005) or thalamus (slope - 1.933, R = - 0.47) (P = 0.004) and between the occipital cortex (slope 0.084, R = 0.06) and frontoparietal association cortex (P = 0.021) or thalamus (P < 0.001), and, with respect to MAP, between the cerebral white matter (slope - 0.067, R = -0.10) and thalamus (slope 0.637, R = 0.31) (P = 0.044). The cerebral white matter CBF keeps constant during NREM sleep as well as the occipital cortical CBF, and may be specifically regulated by both CO2 vasoreactivity and pressure autoregulation.




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M. Hiroki, N. Kajimura, T. Uema, K. Ogawa, M. Nishikawa, M. Kato, T. Watanabe, T. Nakajima, H. Takano, E. Imabayashi, et al.
Effect of Benzodiazepine Hypnotic Triazolam on Relationship of Blood Pressure and PaCO2 to Cerebral Blood Flow During Human Non-Rapid Eye Movement Sleep
J Neurophysiol, April 1, 2006; 95(4): 2293 - 2303.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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