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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print July 5, 2002
J Appl Physiol, 10.1152/jap.00625.2001
Submitted on June 15, 2001
Accepted on June 26, 2002
1 Human Performance Research Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: allen_parcell{at}byu.edu.
To test the effects of tyrosine ingestion with or without carbohydrate supplementation on endurance performance, nine competitive cyclists cycled at 70% VO2peak for 90 min under four different feeding conditions followed immediately by a time trial. At 30 min intervals, beginning 60 min prior to exercise, each subject consumed either 5 ml.kg-1 body weight of water sweetened with aspartame [placebo (PLA)], polydextrose (70 g.L-1) (CHO), L-tyrosine (25 mg.kg-1 bw) (TYR), or polydextrose (70 g.L-1) and L-tyrosine (25 mg.kg-1 bw) (CHO+TYR). The experimental trials were given in random order and carried out using a counterbalanced double blind design. No differences were found between treatments for oxygen uptake (VO2), heart rate (HR) or rating of perceived exertion (RPE) at any time during the 90 min ride. Plasma tyrosine rose significantly from PRE60 to test termination (TT) in TYR (means ± SE) (480 ± 26 µmol) and CHO+TYR (463 ± 34 µmol) and was significantly higher in these groups from PRE30 to TT versus CHO (90 ± 3 µmol) and PLA (111 ± 7 µmol) (p<0.05). Plasma free tryptophan was higher at E90, ETT15, and TT in TYR (10.1 ± 0.9, 10.4 ± 0.8, and 12.0 ± 0.9 µmol, respectively) and PLA (9.7 ± 0.5, 10.0 ± 0.3, and 11.7 ± 0.5 µmol, respectively) versus CHO (7.8 ± 0.5, 8.6 ± 0.5, and 9.3 ± 0.6 µmol, respectively) and CHO+TYR (7.8 ± 0.5, 8.5 ± 0.5, 9.4 ± 0.5 µmol, respectively) (p<0.05). The plasma tyrosine/free tryptophan ratio was significantly higher in TYR and CHO+TYR versus CHO and PLA from 30 min prior to exercise to test termination (p<0.05). CHO (27.1 ± 0.9 min) and CHO+TYR (26.1 ± 1.1 min) treatments resulted in a reduced time to complete the endurance time trial compared to PLA (34.4 ± 2.9 min) and TYR (32.6 ± 3.0 min) (p<0.05). These findings demonstrate that tyrosine ingestion did not enhance performance during a cycling time trial following 90 minutes of steady state exercise.
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