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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print March 15, 2002
J Appl Physiol, 10.1152/jap.00620.2000
Submitted on June 26, 2000
Accepted on March 6, 2002
1 Department of Medicine, Keio University, Tsukigase Rehabilitation Center, Amagiyugashima-cho, Shizuoka-ken, Japan; Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
2 Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
3 Lineberger Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
4 Department of Physiology, Teikyo University, School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
5 Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: yasumasaokada{at}1979.jukuin.keio.ac.jp.
The anatomical structure of central respiratory chemoreceptors in the superficial ventral medulla of rats was studied using hypercapnia-induced c-fos labeling to identify cells directly stimulated by extracellular pH or PCO2. The distribution of c-fos positive cells was found to be predominantly perivascular to surface vessels. In the superficial ventral medullary midline, parapyramidal, and ventrolateral regions where c-fos positive cells were concentrated, we found a common characteristic anatomical architecture. The medullary surface showed an indentation covered by a surface vessel, and the marginal glial layer was thickened. We classified c-fos positive cells into two types. One (Type I cell) was small, was located inside the marginal glial layer and close to the medullary surface, and surrounding fine vessels. The other (Type II cell) was large and located dorsal to the marginal glial layer. C-fos expression under synaptic blockade suggested that Type I cells are intrinsically chemosensitive. The chemosensitivity of surface cells (possible Type I cells) surrounding vessels was confirmed electrophysiologically in slice preparations. We suggest that this characteristic anatomical structure may be the central chemoreceptor.
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