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1 Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
2 Centre for Gene Therapeutics, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: inmanma{at}mcmaster.ca.
T cell mediated airway inflammation is considered to be critical in the pathogenesis of airway hyperresponsiveness. We have described a mouse model in which chronic allergen exposure results in sustained airway hyperresposiveness (AHR) and aspects of airway remodeling, and here sought to determine whether eliminating CD4+ and CD8+ cells, at a time when airway remodeling had occurred, would attenuate this sustained AHR. Sensitized BALB/c mice were subjected to either brief or chronic periods of allergen exposure, and studied 24 hours after brief or 4 weeks after chronic allergen exposure. In both models, mice received three treatments with anti-CD4 and CD8 monoclonal antibodies during the 10 days prior to outcome measurements. Outcomes included in vivo airway responsiveness to intravenous methacholine, CD4+ and CD8+ cell counts of lung and spleen using flow cytometric analysis, and airway morphometry using a computer-based image analysis system. Compared to saline control mice, brief allergen challenge resulted in AHR, which was eliminated by antibody treatment. Chronic allergen challenge resulted in sustained AHR and indices of airway remodeling. This sustained AHR was not reversed by antibody treatment, even though CD4+ and CD8+ cells were absent in lung and spleen. These results indicate that T cell mediated inflammation is critical for development of airway hyperresponsiveness associated with brief allergen exposure, but is not necessary to maintain sustained AHR.
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