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J Appl Physiol (January 5, 2004). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00595.2003
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Submitted on June 10, 2003
Accepted on December 31, 2003

Rheology of Airway Smooth Muscle Cells is associated with Cytoskeletal Contractile Stress

Dimitrije Stamenovic1*, Bela Suki1, Ben Fabry2, Ning Wang2, and Jeffrey J Fredberg2

1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
2 Physiology Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: dimitrij{at}engc.bu.edu.

Recently reported data from mechanical measurements of cultured airway smooth muscle cells show that stiffness of the cytoskeletal matrix is determined by the extent of static contractile stress borne by the cytoskeleton. On the other hand, rheological measurements on these cells show that cytoskeletal stiffness changes with frequency of imposed mechanical loading according to a power law. In this study, we examine the possibility that these two empirical observations might be interrelated. We combine previously reported data for contractile stress of human airway smooth muscle cells with new data describing rheological properties of these cells and derive quantitative, mathematically tractable, and experimentally verifiable empirical relationships between contractile stress and indices of cell rheology. These findings reveal an intriguing role of the contractile stress: while it maintains structural stability of the cell under applied mechanical loads, it may also regulate rheological properties of the cytoskeleton that are essential for other cell functions.




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