Journal of Applied Physiology
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J Appl Physiol (March 10, 2005). doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00563.2004
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Submitted on June 1, 2004
Accepted on February 7, 2005

Comparison of cardiovascular responses between lower body negative pressure and head-up tilt

Asami Kitano1, Kevin J. Shoemaker2, Masashi Ichinose1, Hiroyuki Wada1, and Takeshi Nishiyasu1*

1 University of Tsukuba, Institute of Health and Sports Science, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, Japan
2 University of Western Ontario, Neurovascular Research Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, London, Ontario, Canada

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: nisiyasu{at}taiiku.tsukuba.ac.jp.

To investigate local blood-flow regulation during orthostatic maneuvers, 10 healthy subjects were exposed to -20 and -40 mmHg lower body negative pressure (LBNP) (each for 3 min) and to 60-degree head-up tilt (HUT)(for 5 min). Measurements were made of blood flow in the brachial (BFbrachial) and femoral arteries (BFfemoral)(both by the ultrasound Doppler method), heart rate (HR), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), cardiac stroke volume (SV)(by echocardiography), and end-diastolic volume (LVEDV)(by echocardiography). Comparable central cardiovascular responses (changes in LVEDV, SV, and MAP) were seen during LBNP and HUT. During -20 mmHg LBNP, -40 mmHg LBNP, and HUT: (a) BFbrachial decreased by 51, 57, and 41%, and BFfemoral by 40, 53, and 62 %, respectively, (b) vascular resistance increased in the upper limb by 110, 147, and 85%, and in the lower limb by 76, 153, and 250%, respectively. The increases in vascular resistance were not different between the upper and lower limbs during LBNP. However, during HUT the increase in the lower limb was much greater than that in the upper limb. These results suggest that during orthostatic stimulation, the vascular responses in the limbs due to the cardiopulmonary and arterial baroreflexes can be strongly modulated by local mechanisms (presumably induced by gravitational effects).




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